Soil Pollution is a considered as a major challenge for healthy environment. The weathering of earth’s crust forms, soil over the centuries that supports the variety of microscopic and macroscopic life-forms.
Soil Pollution can consist of anything that contaminates the soil. Thus, it is also referred to as soil contamination. It occurs when pollutants in the soil reduce soil quality and make it inhabitable to organisms such as insects.
Soil Pollution (also soil contamination) refers to the degradation of soil quality either due to human activities or due to natural phenomenon leading to:
- decreased agricultural output,
- deterioration in crop quality,
- exposure to harmful and toxic chemicals
- health risks of people living on it,
- health threats to animals,
- contamination of underground water further resulting in polluted water supply,
- imbalance of the soil ecosystem
The top most layer of soil is composed of minerals of various sizes and organic matters along with pores filled with air and water. Soil is said to be contaminated when there is the presence of excess chemicals such as nitrate, ammonia, petroleum hydrocarbons, lead, naphthalene, mercury, pesticides, etc.
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